A Quantile-quantile plot (or QQPlot) is used to check whether a given data follows normal distribution.
The data is assumed to be normally distributed when the points approximately follow the 45-degree reference line.
This article describes how to create a qqplot in R using the ggplot2 package.
Contents:
Related Book
GGPlot2 Essentials for Great Data Visualization in RKey R functions
- Key function:
stat_qq()
. - Key arguments:
color
,shape
andsize
to change point color, shape and size.
Data preparation
Create some data (wdata
) containing the weights by sex (M for male; F for female):
set.seed(1234)
wdata = data.frame(
sex = factor(rep(c("F", "M"), each=200)),
weight = c(rnorm(200, 55), rnorm(200, 58))
)
# head(wdata, 4)
Loading required R package
Load the ggplot2 package and set the default theme to theme_minimal()
with the legend at the top of the plot:
library(ggplot2)
theme_set(
theme_minimal() +
theme(legend.position = "top")
)
Create qqplots
Create a qq-plot of weight. Change color by groups (sex)
ggplot(wdata, aes(sample = weight)) +
stat_qq(aes(color = sex)) +
scale_color_manual(values = c("#00AFBB", "#E7B800"))+
labs(y = "Weight")
Alternative plot using the function ggqqplot()
[in ggpubr]. The 95% confidence band is shown by default.
library(ggpubr)
ggqqplot(wdata, x = "weight",
color = "sex",
palette = c("#0073C2FF", "#FC4E07"),
ggtheme = theme_pubclean())
Conclusion
This article shows how to create a qqplot using the ggplot2 and the ggpubr package.
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